It is common in commercially important marine fishes and its presence is of great concern for both human health and economic reasons. This is the first report of anisakiasis in a croatian patient, evidenced from an archival paraffinembedded and hematoxylineosin stained tissue section. Main microbial characteristics the family of anisakidae comprises several genera, including anisakis including a. Pdf 16 summary anisakis is a parasite of marine mammals that uses a great. Anisakidae, were reported to cause zoonotic disease in many countries. The highest prevalence of anisakis type i larvae was in m.
Parasites are responsible for a substantial number of seafoodassociated infections. In this work, a rapid commercial system based on loopmediated isothermal. Anisakis is a parasitic nematode whose larvae occupy several types of fish and cephalopods such as cod, sardine, tuna, mackerel and squid as intermediate hosts. To the best of our knowledge, there have been no reports which have documented. Haringworm nl in the stomach or duodenum of man eosinophilic granuloma. Larvae were isolated and morphologically identified as anisakis spp. Anisakis have been found to cause infections in humans. Summary infection of humans with the nematode worm parasite anisakis simplex was first described in the 1960s in association with the consumption of raw or undercooked fish.
A case of hepatic anisakiasis caused by pseudoterranova. People who produce immunoglobulin e ige in response to this parasite may subsequently have an allergic reaction, including anaphylaxis, after eating fish that have been infected with. Larval migration of the zoonotic parasite anisakis pegreffii core. Parasites belonging to the anisakis genera are organisms of interest for human health because they are responsible for the anisakiasis zoonosis, caused by the ingestion of raw or undercooked fish.
Anisakis nematodes in fish and shellfish from infection to allergies. In order to maintain the organoleptic properties of the product, the freezing of fish prior to processing is often. The family of anisakidae comprises several genera, including anisakis. Fish processing and aquaculture workers approximately 60 million people worldwide are at occupational risk of becoming sensitized to anisakis. The transmission of this disease occurs when infective larvae are ingested from fish or squid that humans eat raw or undercooked. Most anisakiasis is associated with ingestion of the nematode anisakis spp with the remainder principally associated with the related pseudoterranova spp. Anisakiasis is a parasitic nematode infestation caused by 2 helminths of the family anisakidae, anisakis spp. Occurrence of recombinant genotypes of anisakis simplex s. Jan 11, 2012 anisakis is a parasite of marine mammals that uses a great number of fish species as intermediate or paratenic hosts. Anisakiasis has been only suspected in the country based on previously detected anti anisakis ige seroprevalence in the healthy coastal population, as well as an acute case where pathohistological and serological findings suggested the. If the inline pdf is not rendering correctly, you can download the pdf file here. Consumption of raw or thermally inadequately treated fishery products represents a public health risk, with the possibility of propagation of live anisakis larvae, the causative agent of the zoonotic disease anisakidosis, or anisakiasis.
Anisakis sensitization in the croatian fish processing. Anisakiasis and gastroallergic reactions associated with. Wed like to understand how you use our websites in order to improve them. Ecology and genetic structure of zoonotic anisakis spp. The factor most commonly associated with infection is consumption of raw or undercooked seafood.
The prevalence of infection and the identification of anisakid larvae in european hake merluccius merluccius lessepsianus from hurghada city, red sea governorate, egypt, were investigated. Occurrence and molecular identification of anisakis dujardin. During the 1990s it was realized that even the ingestion of dead worms in food fish can cause severe hypersensitivity reactions, that these may be more prevalent than infection itself, and that this outcome could be. Foods free fulltext validation of a commercial loop. Jun 04, 2012 anisakiasis is one of the most common fishborne helminthic diseases in japan, which is contracted by ingesting the larvae of the nematode anisakis spp. Fish samples were collected during the period of february and november 2014. Oct 01, 2009 the alaska pollock, theragra chalcogramma pallas, is an important raw source for surimi and other food products in japan. Anisakis type ii in the northwest pacific region, are first reports. Feb 19, 2014 recent reports of anisakis infection added 3 more new fish genera to harbor anisakis spp. Anisakiasis is a zoonosis caused by nematodes parasites of the genus anisakis. Here, we identified the thirdstage l3 anisakis spp.
The fish from the atlantic showing a prevalence of 87. Pozio european union reference laboratory for parasites, istituto superiore di sanita, viale regina elena 299, 00161 rome, italy email. A survey of anisakis and pseudoterranova in scottish. They are infective to humans and cause anisakiasis. Oct 01, 2011 the prevalence, mean intensity, and mean abundance were calculated. Larval stages of the sibling species of parasitic nematodes anisakis simplex sensu stricto s. Anisakis worms are parasitic roundworms living in the stomach. Later, the nematode was identified as anisakis spp. Abstract anisakis is a parasite of marine mammals that uses a great number of. Anisakiasis is a parasitic disease caused by anisakid nematodes worms that can invade the stomach wall or intestine of humans. People who produce immunoglobulin e in response to this parasite may subsequently have an allergic reaction, including anaphylaxis, after eating fish infected with anisakis species. This project was concerned with surveying the prevalence and intensity of infection of these nematodes in targeted scottish white fish populations and investigating the efficacy of current. In a study of patients thought to have mackerelinduced urticaria, no patient reacted positively to a scratch test with mackerel antigen, but all were positive to anisakis antigen 1.
First molecular identification of the zoonotic parasite anisakis. We investigated the population dynamics of anisakis spp. Anisakis is a genus of parasitic nematodes, which have a life cycle involving fish and marine mammals. Occurrence and molecular identification of anisakis dujardin, 1845. The cox2 gene is shown to be highly polymorphic in anisakis spp. Mullidae and terapon jarbua terapontidae 26, and 1 genus in the present study, c. Japanese authors have described the majority of cases, although cases have been reported in korea, the netherlands, germany, spain, italy, and the united states among others 24 9. The changes in eating habits over recent years, with an increased consumption of raw fish products sushi, carpacci, etc.
Since then, the majority of anisakiasis cases have been described by japanese authors 124, reflecting the frequent consumption of raw fish in that country. Anisakiasis is fishborne zoonoses caused by nematodes of the genus anisakis, contracted by the ingestion of live l3 infective larvae through consumption of raw, undercooked or thermally unprocessed seafood products, such as carpaccio, and white marinated and drysalted anchovies. Parasitic nematode, anisakis simplex, reachs sexual maturity in the intestinal tract of marine mammals. Dpdx is an educational resource designed for health professionals and laboratory scientists. Presence of anisakid larvae in commercial fishes landed in. Integrating animal health surveillance and food safety.
The following is the supplementary data to this article. Common species are anisakis simplex, anisakis physeteris, and pseudoterranova decipiens. Specific kit for the qualitative, rapid, and targeted detection of anisakis spp in food fish products, fish, roundworms and larvae. Horse mackerels trachurus trachurus originated from the northern aegean sea were examined for the presence of anisakis spp. This is the first study systematically evaluating the risk of anisakis sensitization in croatian fishprocessing workers and potential. Author summary anisakiasis is a human disease caused by ingestion of live anisakis spp. Anisakidae parasitize a wide range of marine animals, mammals serving as the definitive host and different fish species as intermediate or paratenic hosts. Badbug book handbook of foodborne pathogenic microorganisms and natural toxins introduction food safety is a complex issue that has an impact on all segments of society, from the general. Anisakiasis the disease is acquired by eating uncooked fish or squid infected with anisakis simplex the most common anisakis species. The life cycle of anisakis species is shown at figure 1. Furthermore, several authors have reported this parasite to be a relevant inducer of acute or chronic allergic diseases. In this study, the presence of anisakid larvae was identified in fish species of consumer. As a result, gastrointestinal andor allergic symptoms are reported.
Nematode larvae can be recovered in coelomic cavity and viscera. People with underlying disorders, particularly liver disease, are more susceptible to infection. The results obtained showed the highest prevalence of anisakidae in zeus faber 100% and of anisakis in micromesistius poutassou 87. Anisakis simplex sensu stricto and anisakis pegreffii. Some studies on anisakidae larvae in some marine fish species. The adults of these parasites infect sea mammals, particularly dolphins, whales, sea lions, and seals, 45 and live in the lumen of the intestinal tract.
The results of the present study demonstrated that the overall percentage of anisakis sp. Anisakis is parasite of sea mammals at the adult stage and of fish and cephalopods at the larval life stage anastasio et al. In this study, 18 fish species were investigated for anisakis infection. The parasite has a protective layer against gastric acid and survives burrowed into the gastric wall. In some cases, this infection is treated by removal of the larvae via endoscopy or surgery. A case report of anisakis pegreffii nematoda, anisakidae. Two genera were reported from the southern coast of kulon progo. Changes over time in ige sensitization to allergens of the.
Nematode of crustaceans, fish, marine mammals stomach. Anisakis is a genus of parasitic nematodes that have lifecycles involving fish and marine mammals. The allergic reaction can be diagnosed by quantifying the serum specific ige against some parasite allergens. First record of anisakis simplex thirdstage larvae nematoda. Batjakas 1 1 laboratory of ichthyology, department of marine scie nces, university of the aegean. However, alaska pollock caught in the atlantic and mediterranean regions has been reported to harbor anisakis species that pose considerable food safety problems. Anisakiasis is also known as sushi worm, herring worm anisakis spp. Anisakiasis in humans is caused by a number of species of nematodes belonging to the genera anisakis, phocanema, terranova, and contracoecum.
393 167 1342 761 526 1345 1148 1503 1438 1288 671 668 578 880 1234 1155 77 1285 1578 263 827 371 1525 33 1237 687 1153 697 958 338 678 297 1233 530 953